Sharon at 10:52, 10 July 2017

2017-07-10T10:52:10Z

Sharon: Created page with "== Also known as == mde, eve == Classification == Entactogen Category:entactogen == Overview == Suggested uses are urethane catalyst, textile softeners, pH control, an..."

2017-07-10T10:51:42Z

Created page with "== Also known as == mde, eve == Classification == Entactogen Category:entactogen == Overview == Suggested uses are urethane catalyst, textile softeners, pH control, an..."

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== Also known as ==

mde, eve

== Classification ==

Entactogen
[[Category:entactogen]]
== Overview ==

Suggested uses are urethane catalyst, textile softeners, pH control, and epoxy resin curing agents <ref name="1320a">Huntsman Corporation, '''Methyldiethanolamine (MDEA)''', 2010, http://www.huntsman.com/portal/page/portal/C348531D1F3DA9A2E040EBCD2B6B7B06 </ref>.

== Medical usage ==

MDEA currently has no accepted medical uses <ref name="1330a">'''3,4-Methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine''', 2017, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/34-Methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine </ref>

== What does it look like? ==

Clear, colourless or yellow liquid without any mechanical impurities <ref name="1321a">'''Methyldiethanolamine (MDEA)''', 2017, http://sintez-oka.com/eng/products/alkylethanolamines/mdea/</ref>.

== Dosage ==

=== Abuse ===

==== Oral ====

* threshold - 50 - 70 mg,
* light - 70 - 120 mg <ref name="1315a">'''MDEA''', 2017, https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/MDEA</ref>, 80 - 100 mg <ref name="1319a">'''MDEA''', 2017, http://drugs.tripsit.me/mdea</ref>,
* common - 120 - 180 mg <ref name="1315a"/>, 100 - 150 mg <ref name="1319a"/>,
* strong - 180 - 225 mg <ref name="1315a"/>, 150 - 200 mg <ref name="1319a"/>,
* heavy - 225 mg + <ref name="1315a"/>.

== How long do its effects last? ==

=== Onset of effects ===

* oral - 20 - 60 minutes <ref name="1315a"/>.
* all [[ROA]]'s - 30 - 60 minutes <ref name="1319a"/>.
* oral - 140 mg - 20 - 85 minutes <ref name="1323a">Gouzoulis-Mayfrank, E. and Hermle, L. and Kovar, K. A. and Sass, H., '''Die Entaktogene "Ecstasy" (MDMA), "Eve" (MDE) und andere ringsubstituierte Methamphetaminderivate. Eine neue Stoffklasse unter den illegalen Designer-drogen?''', ''Nervenarzt'', 1996, 67, 369-380</ref>,
* oral - 160 mg - 40 minutes <ref name="1222a">Shulgin, A. aShulgin, A., '''''Phenethylamines I Have Known And Loved: A Chemical Love Story''''', 2015, https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal.shtml</ref>.

=== Come up ===

* oral - 15 - 30 minutes <ref name="1315a"/>.

=== Peak ===

* oral - 90 - 120 minutes <ref name="1315a"/>.

=== Offset ===

* oral - 1 - 2 hours <ref name="1315a"/>.

=== Duration of effects ===

* oral - 3 - 5 hours <ref name="1315a"/>.
* all [[ROA]]'s - 3 - 6 hours <ref name="1319a"/>,
* oral - 140 mg - 2 - 3 hours <ref name="1323a"/>,
* oral - 160 mg - 3 - 5 hours <ref name="1222a"/>.

=== After-effects ===

* oral - 12 - 48 hours <ref name="1315a"/>.

== Pharmacology ==

MDEA has been shown to act as a releasing agent and reuptake inhibitor of the key monoamine neurotransmitters serotonin, dopamine and noradrenaline <ref name="1316a">Freudenmann, R. W. and Spitzer, M., '''The Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology of 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-ethyl-amphetamine (MDEA)''', ''CNS Drug Reviews'', 2004, 10, 2, 89-116, https://org.doi/10.1111/j.1527-3458.2004.tb00007.x, http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1527-3458.2004.tb00007.x/abstractjsessionid=DFEBB1CE08CA49F66D700DD8AF6666FE.f04t03 </ref>, which are the neurotransmitters responsible for modulating focus, motivation, pleasure, and reward. This is done by inhibiting the reuptake and reabsorption of monoamine neurotransmitters after they have performed their function of transmitting a neural impulse, allowing them to accumulate in the synaptic cleft and be reused in a manner which causes physically stimulating, sedating, disinhibiting and euphoric effects <ref name="1317a">Fleckenstein, A. E. and Volz, T. J. and Riddle, E. L. and Gibb, J. W. and Hanson, G. R., '''New Insights into the Mechanism of Action of Amphetamines''', ''Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology'', 2007, 47, 681-698, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.47.120505.105140, http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.47.120505.105140</ref>. The often-reported "stoning" effects have been theorised to arise from the higher relative activity MDEA has on releasing serotonin over dopamine compared to [[MDMA]].

It has also been noted that MDEA, even at lower doses, stimulates the release of oxytocin and prolactin, two hormones that are currently being studied for their potential roles in modulating the feeling of trust and love <ref name="1318a">Passie, T., '''''Healing with Entactogens: Therapist and Patient Perspectives on MDMA-Assisted Group Psychotherapy''''', 2012, Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), ISBN 0979862272, 92, https://www.amazon.com/Healing-Entactogens-Perspectives-MDMA-Assisted-Psychotherapy/dp/0979862272</ref>, <ref name="1315a"/>.

=== Route of administration ===

MDEA is usually taken orally, rarely nasally or as a suppository. As amines, all RSAs are soluble in water and alcohol <ref name="1328a">Climko, R. P. and Roehrich, H. and Sweeney, D. R. and Al-Razi, J., '''Ecstasy: A review of MDMA and MDA''', ''International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine'', 1986, 16, 4, 359-372, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2881902</ref>, <ref name="1329a">Kalant, H., '''The pharmacology and toxicology of "ecstasy" (MDMA) and related drugs''', ''Canadian Medical Association Journal'', 2001, 165, 7, 917-928, http://www.cmaj.ca/content/165/7/917.full</ref>, and can, therefore, be injected. Their inhalation as a vapour is impossible due to their high boiling points <ref name="1322a">Freudenmann, R. W. and Spitzer, M., '''The Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology of 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-ethyl-amphetamine (MDEA)''', ''CNS Drug Reviews'', 2004,10, 2, 89-116, http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1527-3458.2004.tb00007.x/pdf</ref>.

=== Lethal dosage ===

Exact toxic dosage is unknown <ref name="1315a"/>. The oral [[LD50]] value in the rat is 4.78 g/kg and the dermal [[LD50]] value in the albino rabbit is 6.24 g/kg <ref name="1320a"/>.

=== Toxicity ===

On the basis of acute studies with laboratory animals, methyldiethanolamine is considered slightly toxic by single oral dose and practically nontoxic by single dermal application <ref name="1320a"/>.

=== Tolerance ===

Tolerance to many of the effects of MDEA develops with prolonged and repeated use. This results in users having to administer increasingly larger doses to achieve the same effects. After that, it takes about 1 - 1.5 months for the tolerance to be reduced to half and 2 - 3 months to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). MDEA presents cross-tolerance with all dopaminergic and serotonergic stimulants and entactogens, meaning that after the consumption of MDEA all of these will have a reduced effect <ref name="1315a"/>.

== Effects ==

=== Physical effects ===

* physical euphoria,
* pupil dilation,
* spontaneous physical sensations,
* bodily control enhancement,
* perception of bodily heaviness,
* stamina enhancement,
* stimulation,
* tactile enhancement,
* appetite suppression,
* sedation,
* brain zaps,
* dehydration,
* difficulty urinating,
* increased blood pressure,
* increased heart rate,
* increased perspiration,
* teeth grinding,
* temperature regulation suppression,
* temporary erectile dysfunction <ref name="1315a"/>.

=== Cognitive effects ===

* anxiety,
* cognitive euphoria,
* compulsive redosing,
* depression,
* irritability,
* mindfulness,
* time distortion,
* creativity enhancement,
* dream potentiation,
* empathy, affection and sociability enhancement,
* focus enhancement,
* immersion enhancement,
* increased libido,
* increased music appreciation,
* motivation enhancement,
* stamina enhancement,
* thought acceleration,
* wakefulness,
* anxiety suppression,
* cognitive fatigue,
* disinhibition,
* dream suppression,
* motivation suppression,
* thought deceleration,
* existential self-realisation,
* unity and interconnectedness <ref name="1315a"/>.

=== Visual effects ===

* colour enhancement,
* pattern recognition enhancement,
* symmetrical texture repetition,
* tracers,
* double vision,
* vibrating vision,
* peripheral information misinterpretation <ref name="1315a"/>.

=== Auditory effects ===

* auditory distortion,
* auditory enhancement,
* auditory hallucinations <ref name="1315a"/>.

=== Overdose ===

Reported overdose symptoms of MDEA include the following -

* [[disseminated intravascular coagulation]],
* muscle rigidity,
* [[rhabdomyolysis]],
* convulsions,
* [[tachycardia]],
* [[hypotension]],
* sweating <ref name="1331a">Tehan, B. and Hardern, R. and Bodenham, A., '''Hyperthermia associated with 3,4-methylenedioxyethamphetamine ('Eve')''', ''Anaesthesia'', 1993, 48, 6, 507-510, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1993.tb07072.x</ref>.

== Risks ==

MDEA has the potential to trigger acute psychotic disorders and induce dysphoric mood, anxiety as well as panic attacks <ref name="1324a">Gouzoulis, E. and Borchardt, D. and Hermle, L., '''A case of toxic psychosis induced by 'eve' (3,4-methylene-dioxyethyl-amphetamine)''', ''Archives of General Psychiatry'', 1993, 50, 75</ref>, <ref name="1325a">Hermle, L. and Spitzer, M. and Borchardt, D. and Kovar, K. A. and Gouzoulis, E., '''Psychological effects of MDE in normal subjects. Are entactogens a new class of psychoactive agents?''', ''Neuropsychopharmacology'', 1993, 8, 171-176</ref>, <ref name="1326a">Iwersen, S. and Schmoldt, A., '''Two very different fatal cases associated with the use of methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA): Eve as deadly as Adam''', ''Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology'', 1996, 34, 241-244</ref>, <ref name="1327a">Vaiva, G. and Boss, V. and Bailly, D. and Thomas, P. and Lestavel, P. and Goudemand, M., '''An "accidental" acute psychosis with ecstasy use''', ''Journal of Psychoactive Drugs'', 2001, 33, 1, 95-98, https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2001.10400473, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11333007</ref>.

== Addiction ==

=== Can you get addicted ===

As with other stimulants, the chronic use of MDEA can be considered moderately addictive with a high potential for abuse and is capable of causing psychological dependence among certain users. When addiction has developed, cravings and withdrawal effects may occur if a person suddenly stops their usage <ref name="1315a"/>.

== Interactions ==

Although many drugs are safe on their own, they can become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with other substances. The list below contains some common potentially dangerous combinations, but may not include all of them. Certain combinations may be safe in low doses of each but still increase the potential risk of death. Independent research should always be done to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe before consumption <ref name="1315a"/>.

* '''25x-NBOMe''' - Both the NBOMe series and this compound induce powerful stimulation and their interaction may cause severe side-effects. These can include [[thought loops]], seizures, increased blood pressure, [[vasoconstriction]], increased heart rate, and heart failure (in extreme cases).
* '''Alcohol''' - It is dangerous to combine alcohol, a depressant, with stimulants due to the risk of excessive intoxication. Stimulants decrease the sedative effect of alcohol which is the main factor most people consider when determining their level of intoxication. Once the stimulant wears off, the effects of alcohol will be significantly increased, leading to intensified disinhibition as well as [[respiratory depression]]. If combined, one should strictly limit themselves to only drinking a certain amount of alcohol per hour.
* '''DXM''' - This combination may cause increased heart rate and panic attacks.
* '''MXE''' - Increased heart rate and blood pressure may occur.
* '''Tramadol''' - This combination can increase the risk of seizures.
* '''MAOIs''' - This combination may increase the amount of neurotransmitters such as dopamine to dangerous or even fatal levels. Examples include syrian rue, banisteriopsis caapi, 2C-T-2, 2C-T-7, αMT, and some antidepressants <ref name="1049a">Gillman, P. K., '''Monoamine oxidase inhibitors, opioid analgesics and serotonin toxicity''', ''British Journal of Anaesthesia'', 2005, 95, 4, 434-441, https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aei210, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16051647</ref>.
* '''Stimulants''' - The neurotoxic effects of MDEA may be increased when combined with other stimulants.
* '''Cocaine''' - This combination may increase strain on the heart <ref name="1315a"/>.

=== Dangerous ===

* '''αMT''',
* '''Tramadol''' - Tramadol and stimulants both increase the risk of seizures.
* '''MAOIs''' - MAO-B inhibitors can increase the potency and duration of phenethylamines unpredictably. MAO-A inhibitors with amphetamine can lead to hypertensive crises <ref name="1319a"/>.

=== Unsafe ===

* '''DOx''' - The combined stimulating effects of the two can lead to an uncomfortable body-load, while the focusing effects of amphetamine can easily lead to [[thought loops]]. Coming down from amphetamines while the DOx is still active can be quite [[anxiogenic]].
* '''NBOMes''' - Amphetamines and NBOMes both provide considerable stimulation. When combined they can result in [[tachycardia]], [[hypertension]], [[vasoconstriction]] and in extreme cases heart failure. The [[anxiogenic]] and focusing effects of stimulants are also not good in combination with psychedelics as they can lead to unpleasant [[thought loops]]. NBOMes are known to cause seizures and stimulants can increase this risk.
* '''2C-T-x''' - Stimulants increase anxiety levels and the risk of [[thought loops]] which can lead to negative experiences. In extreme cases, they can result in severe [[vasoconstriction]], [[tachycardia]], [[hypertension]], and in extreme cases heart failure.
* '''5-MeO-xxT''' - The [[anxiogenic]] and focusing effects of stimulants increase the chance of unpleasant [[thought loops]]. The combination is generally unnecessary because of the stimulating effects of psychedelics.
* '''DXM''' - Both substances raise heart rate, in extreme cases, panic attacks caused by these drugs have led to more serious heart issues.
* '''PCP''' - This combination can easily lead to hypermanic states <ref name="1319a"/>.

----

== References ==

<references />

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 Entactogen
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 == Overview ==

MDEA - Revision history

Sharon at 10:52, 10 July 2017

Sharon: Created page with "== Also known as == mde, eve == Classification == Entactogen Category:entactogen == Overview == Suggested uses are urethane catalyst, textile softeners, pH control, an..."